Pearl loose beads wholesale nuclear plant in Nanyang black beads successful in the market place, can be used to sell only the black pearl is very scarce and very expensive natural black pearl, or will fade Japan nuclear akoya pearls, this Pearl is the use of silver nitrate Black, as well as a small part of a black imitation pearls. ª¥
     
     In the past 30 years, the law is a law Linixie Islands pearl culture successful development, in 1976 the United States Institute of precious stones that Tahir embankment black pearl farming production is "a natural color with the cultured pearls." Like some other pioneers such as French Polynesia, Robert million people who immigrated to France and the Zhan January 1 Keluodebulanglaite Japan and the United States opened two larger world peace to the market, and Perles de Tahiti GIE'S Japan , the United States market and the development and successful implementation of a proactive marketing strategy. Thus, the world pearl market enthusiasm on the Black Pearl was excited again.
     
     This operation makes French Polynesia region now become the world's largest pearl semi-finished products of origin. According to the latest statistics, in 1998 the export of pearls Tahir embankment semi-finished products valued at 104 million US dollars. It already has the total world market of 375 million US dollars is 28 per cent, while Australia replaced since 1994 has been occupied first in the world. ª¥
     
     Today's gem identification of workers may encounter a variety of black pearls. ª¥
     
     Natural black pearl ª¥
     
     Nuclear plant breeding black pearl (Pinctada margaritifera cumingi in farming, may be a mother-of-pearl PayPal). This mother Pui living in French Polynesia waters, coral reefs ring. ª¥
     
     Rare brown to black denuclearization cultured pearls ª¥
     
     Color types in a growing number of economic reform colored pearls, including stained black pearls, pearl radiation, as well as the so-called "laser treatment" pearls. ª¥
     
     Black shell made of imitation pearls. ª¥
     
     Some rare imitation is the use of nuclear surface-layer Black¸²ÉÏthe essence de orient film made, or made from beads-and-after throwing off a shiny black pearl shells made. ª¥
     
     This paper will identify workers with stones some of the recommendations in order to help distinguish between natural and cultured pearls and black pearls, and change color and imitation pearls. ª¥
     
     Identify a pearl or a pearl necklace for a little gem of the conventional means. On the contrary, the identification of personnel must be integrated with the characteristics of the appearance of some special tests and observation as a means of identification basis, such as X-ray diffraction phase diagram, in response to UV irradiation, as well as advanced spectroscopy, can accurately determine such pearls are Which type. ª¥
     
     Identify one or a black pearl, according to the following steps. ª¥
     
     Step 1: the overall appearance of the Zhulian inspection. ª¥
     
     Zhulian detected hands will be the first high Zhulian grip, into a neutral background (Jianhui milk or white) general inspection of the lighting above the necklace of white light from a double tube fluorescent lamps, attention: ª¥
     
     1. Due to the shape, size, the same natural pearls are extremely rare string of natural pearls are graded by size, and different in the shape of the bead is usually different. Therefore, if linked by the size of a uniform spherical Zhuguan% of the words, it is likely that a nuclear Zhulian culture. ª¥
     
     2. Control color uniformity, cultured pearl necklace color uniformity than natural pearl necklace better color uniformity. ª¥
     
     3. "Circle profiling" and "Yuweiwen" Cultured Pearls features. ª¥
     
     Step 2: detailed observations determine ª¥
     
     First, pearls and internal must be thoroughly bored washing with warm soapy water dip with the soft cloth soft brush to those viscous organic residues, Oil wash, once washed, and dried, and they identified with easy. Fiber in good lighting, can be used 10 times a magnifying glass or microscope to inspect low-fold: ª¥
     
     1. Nacre: pay attention to the following elements: ª¥
     
     -- A "refers to the mother circle profiling"-shaped appearance of the dentate gyrus can, because when natural pearls or cultured pearls broke off the external surface, the surface of the pearl review in the TLC reality is crystal flakes Chalazion the mother-of-pearl. This will be under the magnifying glass in hand to show the appearance of the coating "essence de orient" the structure of imitation pearls great distinction. It was the structure of a smooth like the appearance of low water. And the structure was not such a loose structure for the review to the inner glass, plastic beads or shells on the surface. ª¥
     
     -- Mother-of-pearl with a thin layer of wax to the surface Fuzhao or observed "Mother means circle profiling"-shaped appearance, this pearl is "laser" black pearl or black pearl coverage. ª¥
     
     -- Smooth surface, often grinding parabolic with traces of polished beads by the shellfish beads, imitation pearls is a kind. ª¥
     
     -- Pits in the surface of the pearl has gathered dye staining for the denuclearization cultured pearls. ª¥
     
     -- There are obviously½ÓºÏÃæis natural and semi-Chu-Chu culture of the mosaic beads. ª¥
     
     2. Best pearls bored with brightness adjustment path fiber optic lighting, observing: ª¥
     
     -- Like onion thin layer concentric structure to the natural pearl. ª¥
     
     -- A white ash to the center of shell beads, shells, beads and black ball Pinctada Martensii layer of a thin layer between brown to black conchyolin the tone for the organic layer, then this is the nuclear plant breeding black pearl. ª¥
     
     Black Pearl bored need to carefully test because it is determined Which of the following pearls: natural color of the black pearl, brown to black denuclearization (freshwater) Cultured pearls. Nuclear black cultured pearls, the Black nuclear Cultured pearls, freshwater Black (freshwater nuclear and non-nuclear) Cultured pearls, the irradiation of a nuclear deal with cultured pearls, as well as the so-called black pearl laser treatment. ª¥
     
     For example, using certain multiples of a magnifying glass fiber and adjustable lighting on the black pearl test drilling at: ª¥
     
     Natural black pearl black thin layer of the onion layer stack structure. ª¥
     
     Denuclearization of the black pearl farming and natural black pearls have similar structure, but there may be a size, shape not identified central air-to-air. ª¥
     
     Nuclear cultured pearls have a white to gray beads nuclear center, it was first a thin black layer conchyolin parcels, then have a layer thickness of the outer packet volatile black mother-of-pearl layers. ª¥
     
     Dyeing nuclear black pearl farming there is a Black and the nuclear black beads nacre. ª¥
     
     Irradiation into the nuclear black pearls, is very characteristic, that is the center of a dark color beads nuclear and slightly shallow, white to grey nacre. ª¥
     
     "Laser treatment," the denuclearization of the Black Pearl there is a bored bored, and also covered in waxy residue. ª¥
     
     No nacre, and has shown a generally thin artificial "essence de orient" layer covering the glass, plastic, beads or shells or hollow glass surface of the ball is imitation pearls. ª¥
     
     There is a big hole at the centre, in the string of rope around the holes with a pit in the surface nacre, which is a freshwater nuclear activity (non-nuclear) Cultured pearls, generally believe that China is Biwa beads or beads. ª¥
     
     There are two or more of intermittent (probably different colours), it was recently revealed, Chu is a whole layer be stained or "laser treatment," the Chinese freshwater cultured pearls. ª¥
     
     3. Transmission method lighting observation pearl ª¥
     
     The pearls on an adjustable aperture size of the Centre, through the pearl-white, use this method may be observed to see an stripe (layered) structure, which is made of shells and nuclear structure. It did not bored in the water nuclear cultured pearls at the centre of a similar layered structure in the shell beads such imitation pearls see. ª¥
     
     Step 3: direct X-ray radiography of ª¥
     
     Direct X-ray can provide answers to the following questions: ª¥
     
     Black Pearl is a natural, breeding or imitation? ª¥
     
     If pearls are cultured, it is what type? ª¥
     
     Direct analysis of the X-ray photo identification, there are two pearls purposes. ª¥
     
     Direct X-ray radiography can provide rough measurement based on (overall impression), which is against those who have already become a pearl necklace case, especially those who have been on the ropes in the string of pearls. With a rope, it is impossible to observe the drilling. Secondly, in order to pursue the accuracy of identification per pearls, then this must be folded necklace swap rope, and one in the X-ray photographs of each of the plans showed that the structure of identification. Similarly, respectively X camera can be used to identify any of the hole was not a claw type or retention of the pearl jewelry. ª¥
     
     When the pearls through X-ray radiography to detect, are contrary to the picture of the film is light and shade (white part of the calcium imaging, and black parts of the soft part of the imaging). Identification of the film can leave permanent structure of the record: ª¥
     
     Natural pearls ª¥
     
     Onion-shaped head opaque layer (TLC Chalazion stone) and transparent layer (or ring-shaped solitary form of staggered conchyolin a) the turn of the structure, and sometimes there is a small centre can be transparent. ª¥
     
     Keshi pearls (nuclear plant is in the process of the formation of a chance the whole beads) ª¥
     
     Onion Head structure, usually there is a ray cut through the shape and size of the center are not set empty. ª¥
     
     ª¥ nuclear cultured pearls
     
     Centre-penetrating nuclear poor areas, nuclear, wrapped in a thin layer can be permeability of conchyolin layer, then the case can be compared with the outer thin (akoya pearls) thick (Nanyang beads) translucent not good Pearl layer. ª¥
     
     Circle the activity of the nuclear non-cultured pearls (Biwa or China), nuclear-free cultured pearls ª¥
     
     Transmittance of an often bizarre shapes, and sometimes also contains large slender shape can be thoroughly central cavity. ª¥
     
     Imitation pearls ª¥
     
     Impenetrable or wholly impenetrable spherical, not distinguish between light and shade structures. ª¥
     
     Summed up this pearl identification step, it must be emphasized: ª¥
     
     1. Direct X-ray camera on the identification of some pearls do not have much significance. Such as: Like nacre that Nanyang thick black beads or natural pearls, often when imaging arc structure, or can not see the center be able to concentrate Conchyolin layer. ª¥
     
     2. X-ray images of the deeper needs of the theory and practice more skills. ª¥
     
     3.X-ray imaging camera shows excessive pearl center of their structural details revealed inadequate if imaging is a pearl details of the structure of the surface. ª¥
     
     4. Nacre less dense and more compact nuclear pearl in the photo is often the difference between a small nuclear cultured pearls the only basis for instructions. ª¥
     
     Step 4: Pearl optimized detection ª¥
     
     Identification of a black pearl of Step 4 to determine whether it is improving the method that is staining after treatment or irradiation, laser processing, coating, or even the surface of the shell beads polished. ª¥
     
     Dyeing and radiation treatment ª¥
     
     In addition to the silver nitrate staining of the nuclear cultured pearls (in the X-ray photo identification can be found on the basis: Conchyolin beads of the outer layer of opacity around the point of silver infiltration), and stained Biwa activity or China Nuclear cultured pearls (often dye attached to the pits and surface defects), the color did not improve after the pearl outer bored is not easy to detect. If pearls no drilling, laboratory will be asked by infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, for the improvement of any color of a dye for identification. ª¥
     
     Relatively speaking, a nuclear cultured pearls or in vivo nuclear If freshwater pearls drilled hole, the color of the identification of the relative improvement of a lot easier. Bored and staining of the pearl, the wearing of the holes can be found justice: ª¥
     
     Dye glued to the hole is a nuclear cultured pearls ª¥
     
     Nacre, Conchyolin layer and the beads were compared with the color of the Black nuclear Cultured pearls, and the characteristics of a nuclear black pearl clear contrast characteristics. Nuclear black pearl beads of white, black pearl layer, which can be seen from the borehole, a nuclear black pearl is the mother Pui P margaritifera or black lip pearl oysters. ª¥
     
     That the nuclear black and white nacre of a nuclear cultured pearls is the colour of the X-ray radiation that. ª¥
     
     Live in a nuclear Pearl Dye will be in the adhesion or bored holes in the string of pearls between Rope can be seen with dye. ª¥
     
     Natural black pearl layer on the long-wave UV fluorescence reaction was that it is not dealt with a useful basis for guiding. For example, natural pearls and not deal with Cultured Pearls of natural nacre are black, often under a UV fluorescence intensity was always uncertain but Anjiang brown fluorescence. On the contrary, dyeing, processing and laser irradiation with nacre in the black under a long-wave ultraviolet light inert. ª¥
     
     Laser treatment of black pearl ª¥
     
     Do not have much understanding of this technology, which only recently pearls 2 to 3 years to make big profits in Australia before appearing on the market. The use of this technology can at least give China a nuclear-free freshwater cultured pearls with a beautiful black tune. For the improvement of color laser irradiation is complete cooperation also is in doubt. The thermal laser generated because it is clear carbonized organic matter will pearls, pearls of dehydration and can become dry coke impenetrable. I think, if laser technology can be used to improve this with a halo of black pearl color, then a certain extent, the laser energy can also be used to add color modest improvement dyeing process and dye penetration depth. ª¥
     
     Laser treatment of the pearls, in the enlarged circumstances, we can see some common phenomenon, and the identification of possible features include: ª¥
     
     Laser surface-pearl handle the color halo effect. ª¥
     
     Pearl multi-stage process of the growth layers were perfect improve. ª¥
     
     Pearl overlying a layer of waxy, this layer of easily Guaxialai cereus, and it can often hide the kind of nacre "Care-fingerprint" patterns. ª¥
     
     Brown waxy layer filling defects in the surface of pearls and Lo Shih Wen Department. ª¥
     
     Pearl bored in a wax attached to conceal pearl onions first concentric ring-like structure of the growth layer. ª¥
     
     Brown waxy layer filling defects in the surface of pearls and the spiral profiling "
     
     Pearl bored in a wax attached to conceal pearl onions first concentric ring-like structure of the growth layer.
     
     This long-wave UV lamp source dealt with the nacre was inert. We are now Raman spectroscopy will be used to study, found that the laser treatment to the identification characteristics of pearls. ª¥
     
     Note wax pearls ª¥
     
     Casting will be used beeswax soak bambooÇÄ, often used to just collected from the freshwater cultured pearls come in from PayPal and the viscosity of organic matter in the above activity drops, the bambooÇÄwith wax pearls will be temporarily improve luster. Attached to the wax pearls in the handheld magnifying glass under very easily checked. ª¥
     
     Polymer Coated pearl ª¥
     
     Some Tahir embankment black pearl (breeding) was a colorless polymer (plastic) covered with a thin film aimed at improving the pearl luster, we know that this process is completed in Japan is the use of a thicker layer of poly covered in shiny pearl on the poor. ª¥
     
     This approach can be visually identified: ª¥
     
     Such careful observation covered pearl luster, it found the Pearly from the polymer thin layer underneath, and not dealt with pearls of Pearly from the surface of the pearl. Pearls can also be observed on the top side of the color does not normal reflex, it will also help the pearl of such testing. Such pearls from the top to see the color of pink-and-blue side band; this approach to the top of the Black Pearl slightly purple and green side of the zone. ª¥
     
     Pearl was detected on the surface of colorless remain in the search for the plastic layer in the bubble? As well as formation of surface morphology, "dress" the evidence coating scratches and can be used tax-pits in the surface pressure on the evidence. ª¥
     
     Parabolic wear pearls ª¥
     
     We know that sometimes can occasionally encountered some black beads are used Nanyang soft abrasive over the situation. Such as wood chips, soaked bamboo litter beeswax, coke used to remove salt and pearl surface biomass polishing materials. This material can also be used to polish the rough on the nacre polished dark place. Despite the above treatment can be acceptable, but the people do not accept such a process, which is the poor quality of pearls with disc-polishing. Because this process will be left in the pearl surface deep scratches, which is also based on the identification of such pearls. ª¥
     
     The question is: how common such as a traditional pearl nacre and transactions? Apart from the natural pearls, pearls people will accept this?
     
     Silicon review pearl ª¥
     
     Has its characteristic luster of the nuclear black cultured pearls through a layer of poly appearancetwo siloxane have improved. This should improve the detection pearl attention features include: ª¥
     
     Special pearl surface smoothness ª¥
     
     Moqilai pearls have a certain viscosity flu ª¥
     
     Cascading pearls and crystal film on the verge of Nanjian, and to see a sharp and Au by the colorless cover.